Title: Cat for Homework 1K
Course: 350-102-RE-55-02 • General Psychology

Test info catégorie

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

A friend at work tells you that "psychology is just like astrology: the so-called experts say any old thing and there's always someone around to believe them."

What can you say in defence of psychology?

(About 60 words) [7 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The student must stress the scientific aspect of psychology: scientific process, observable and measurable behaviours, rigorous methods. The student could also mention the scientific training required of psychologists and the code of ethics.

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

Dr. Jeffrey Johnson, of the New York State Psychiatric Institute, published an article in a science journal stating that smoking may increase anxiety problems. His research team noted that teenagers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes a day were more likely to suffer from agoraphobia, general anxiety disorder or panic attacks when they reached adulthood.

a) What scientific research method did Dr. Johnson's team use for the study? Justify your answer.
(About 60 words) [4 points]

b) Do the results of this study allow us to conclude that cigarette smoking is responsible for the increase in anxiety problems? Explain.
(About 60 words) [4 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: a) Dr. Johnson's team used the correlational method. In other words, they did not intervene in the situation under study but rather compared two sets of data: smoking and anxiety problems. (4 points) b) The results of this study do not confirm that smoking cigarettes causes an increase in anxiety problems. The correlational method allows us to establish a connection between two variables, but cannot prove a cause and effect relationship. (4 points)

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

Ever since she suffered a brain lesion, Nadine has had trouble speaking. She has a hard time pronouncing the words she wants to say and she speaks very slowly. She seems to have no trouble understanding, however.

Based on Nadine's symptoms, what part of the brain do you think was damaged?

(About 100 words) [7 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: Nadine seems to be suffering from Broca's aphasia, a language disorder characterized by slow and laborious speech. Broca's area is located in the left frontal lobe, near the motor area that commands the muscles in the tongue, throat and other parts of the face that we use to speak.

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

You are driving your car at a very reasonable speed on a quiet residential street. Suddenly, a child comes barrelling out from between two parked cars and runs directly in front of your car. You brake quickly and barely manage to avoid him. Explain what happened in your sympathetic nervous system during the braking manoeuvre.

(About 100 words) [8 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The sympathetic nervous system is most active during the processes that involve an expenditure of energy reserves. It creates a "fight-or-flight" reaction in response to stress. (4 points) The physical signs are the following: dilation of the pupils, inhibition of salivation, dilation of the bronchia (faster breathing), acceleration of the heart rate, inhibition of digestion, etc. (4 points)

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

Provide a brief description of the early development of psychology as a discipline. Also briefly contrast the emphases of structuralism, functionalism, and behaviourism in psychology.
(About 100 words) [8 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The students should provide some information about the development of psychology as a separate discipline, either by mentioning the specific date of 1879, or by mentioning the late nineteenth century. Then the student should relate this to Wilhelm Wundt's psychology laboratory. [2 points] The student should briefly distinguish the three schools of psychology using the following key terms or expressions (or similar words): Structuralism: conscious experience, the structure of consciousness, introspection [2 points] Functionalism: usefulness of mind in everyday life [2 points] Behaviourism: emphasis on overt behaviour [2 points]

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

a) Explain to a 9 or 10-year-old child the role of the four main parts of the neuron in the transmission of neural impulses.
(About 100 words) [6 points]

b) In your own words, explain the synapse to this same child.
(About 50 words ) [4 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: a)(6 points) Cell body: compiles and organizes all messages received.(1.5 points) Dendrites: receive messages from other neurons.(1.5 points) Axon: transmits nervous information to other neurons. (1.5 points) Terminal arborization: in the terminal buttons, which are located at the extremity of the terminal arborization, synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters. These chemical substances allow neurons to communicate with each other.(1.5 points) b)(4 points) The student must give this explanation in their own (simplified) words. A synapse consists of an axon terminal button from the transmitting neuron, a dendrite or the body of a receiving neuron, and a fluid-filled gap between the two that is called the synaptic cleft. Although the neural impulse is electrical, it does not jump across the synaptic cleft like a spark. Instead, when a nervous impulse reaches a synapse, axon terminals release chemicals into the synaptic cleft like myriad ships being cast into the sea.

PART ONE: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS / 55 POINTS
(questions 1 to 7)

Question

For a few weeks now (in fact, ever since his little sister was hospitalized with leukemia), Tommy has been having problems concentrating and paying attention at school. His grade-two teacher suggests to his parents that he meet with a psychologist.

Name two different psychology specialists that might be able to help Tommy. Justify your answer.

(About 100 words) [7 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The school psychologist, since this is the type of professional that takes an interest in problems that impede academic learning. A clinical psychologist may also be able to help Tommy, especially if his problem is related to other problems of anxiety or depression.

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

Fifteen-year-old Sebastian has dropped out of school and now he spends his whole day lazing around in front of the TV. His parents arent worried: they say that their son is free to decide on his own what to do with his life. Theyre sure that after a while he will develop an interest in another activity of some sort and rise to new challenges. His parents attitude corresponds to what psychological perspective? [2 points]
- The behaviourist perspective (Wrong answer. It's actually the humanistic perspective.)
- The psychoanalytical perspective (Wrong answer. It's actually the humanistic perspective.)
- The cognitive perspective (Wrong answer. It's actually the humanistic perspective.)
- The humanistic perspective (Right!)
A: The humanistic perspective

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

In an experimental study, the hypothesis______________ . [2 points]
- gives a general idea of the experiment (Wrong answer. In an experimental study¤ the hypothesis establishes a relationship between facts to be verified.)
- is a question the researcher asks (Wrong answer. In an experimental study¤ the hypothesis establishes a relationship between facts to be verified.)
- establishes a relationship between facts to be verified (Bravo! That's the right answer!)
- gives the results obtained through the experimentation (Wrong answer. In an experimental study¤ the hypothesis establishes a relationship between facts to be verified.)
A: establishes a relationship between facts to be verified

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

According to a psychoanalyst, why might we be motivated to dance? [2 points]
- Because dancing brings us social recognition. (Wrong. It's because dancing allows us to express our deepest urges.)
- For the personal satisfaction of giving our best. (Wrong. It's because dancing allows us to express our deepest urges.)
- Because dancing uses the right hemisphere of the brain. (Wrong. It's because dancing allows us to express our deepest urges.)
- Because dancing allows us to express our deepest urges. (Well done!)
A: Because dancing allows us to express our deepest urges.

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

Which of the following functions is mainly related to the left hemisphere of the brain? [2 points]
- Paying attention to red lights when you are driving. (Sorry¤ that's the wrong answer. The right answer is "Doing a crossword puzzle.")
- Picking up your cup with your right hand. (Sorry¤ that's the wrong answer. The right answer is "Doing a crossword puzzle.")
- Mountain-climbing. (Sorry¤ that's the wrong answer. The right answer is "Doing a crossword puzzle.")
- Doing a crossword puzzle. (Well done! That's the right answer!)
A: Doing a crossword puzzle.

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

An ethologist just spent 10 months camping not far from a troupe of baboons. He was especially interested in the way the baboons band together to face their numerous predators. He took detailed notes about the place occupied by each member of the troupe when they travelled, during attacks, and during periods of rest. What research method did he use?
- Observation (Yes¤ that's the right answer!)
- Survey (Wrong answer. He used observation.)
- Case study (Wrong answer. He used observation.)
- Experimental method (Wrong answer. He used observation.)
A: Observation

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

One night during a pool tournament when you particularly want to impress your friends, you try to do an especially flashy trick that you always pull off with aplomb. That night, however, nothing goes right. You decide that the four bottles of beer you drank are the cause of your clumsiness. Afterward you decide to do a scientific experiment to measure the influence of beer on physical adeptness. What will you use as the dependent variable in your study? [2 points]
- Type of beer (Wrong answer. The dependent variable is the physical adeptness.)
- Number of bottles of beer (Wrong answer. The dependent variable is the physical adeptness.)
- Physical adeptness (That's right!)
- Difficulty of the pool trick (Wrong answer. The dependent variable is the physical adeptness.)
A: Physical adeptness

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

I touch a toaster with the tips of my fingers and pull my hand back immediately because it is burning hot. In this situation, what is the role of the afferent neurons? [2 points]
- To transmit the sensation to the brain. (That's right!)
- To process the information received as being a burn. (Wrong answer. It's to transmit the sensation to the brain.)
- To order the hand to pull away. (Wrong answer. It's to transmit the sensation to the brain.)
- To manage the emotions. (Wrong answer. It's to transmit the sensation to the brain.)
A: To transmit the sensation to the brain.

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

Arnold is digesting his dinner. What part of his nervous system is mainly in charge? [2 points]
- The sympathetic nervous system (Wrong answer. It's actually the parasympathetic nervous system.)
- The parasympathetic nervous system (You're right!)
- The somatic nervous system (Wrong answer. It's actually the parasympathetic nervous system.)
- The central nervous system (Wrong answer. It's actually the parasympathetic nervous system.)
A: The parasympathetic nervous system

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

Which of the following differentiates the experimental method from the correlational method? [2 points]
- The number of subjects (Wrong answer. It's the experimenter's intervention in relation to the independent variable.)
- The relationship of the variables (Wrong answer. It's the experimenter's intervention in relation to the independent variable.)
- The experimenter's intervention in relation to the independent variable. (Yes¤ you're right!)
- The interest in the results achieved (Wrong answer. It's the experimenter's intervention in relation to the independent variable.)
A: The experimenter's intervention in relation to the independent variable.

Q: PART TWO: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS / 20 POINTS
(questions 8 to 17)

Question

Mary just heard an ad on the radio. The jingle is repeating over and over in her head. Which part of her brain processed the sounds? [2 points]
- The occipital lobes (Wrong answer.)
- The frontal lobes (Wrong answer.)
- The parietal lobes (Wrong answer.)
- The temporal lobes (Right!)
A: The temporal lobes

-1

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

You will need the attached file ("Theoretical framework") for questions 18 to 21.

Question

Theoretical framework

Read the attached file and write a short summary.
(100 to 120 words) [2 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: (This is an example. Other answers may be acceptable.) Reaction time can be measured to reveal subtle differences in information processing. We create multiple representations of the information that is captured by our senses, and when we must react with a specific response, we follow the four steps described by Sternberg (1969): encoding, comparison, decision and response. Several studies have shown that these representations can be automatic, and that the more complex they are, the more complex the processing and, consequently, the slower the reaction time.

-1

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

You will need the attached file ("Theoretical framework") for questions 18 to 21.

Question

Theoretical framework

Formulate a hypothesis.
(30 words) [2 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The more complex the processing of the information, the slower the reaction time. Or: The reaction time will be faster for the single response and for the situation in which only two responses are possible. It will be slower for the situation requiring more complex processing.

-1

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

You will need the attached file ("Theoretical framework") for questions 18 to 21.

Question

Theoretical framework

Indicate the independent variable.
(20 words) [2 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The complexity of the situation: single response, dual response or complex processing.

-1

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

You will need the attached file ("Theoretical framework") for questions 18 to 21.

Question

Theoretical framework

Indicate the dependent variable.
(10 words) [2 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The reaction time

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Methodology

Describe the subjects (number, characteristics).
(30 words) [2 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: Five subjects participated in the experiment: 3 men and 2 women aged between 12 and 23 years old.

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Methodology

Describe the materials used.
(60 words) [1 point]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The only material required for this experiment was a computer programmed to measure the subjects' reaction time. The instructions were to press the key corresponding to the letter displayed on the screen. Three different conditions were tested: in one there was only one possible response, in the second there were two possible responses, and in the third the type of letter had to be determined before one of two answers was given.

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Methodology

Describe what happened during the experiment.
(150 to 200 words) [2 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The subjects underwent the experiment individually, in a quiet location. When the experiment began, the computer displayed the following instructions: "As soon as the letter N appears on the screen, hit the N key on your keyboard as quickly as possible." After 5 test runs, the computer presented the letter N 20 times, measuring the subject's reaction time to the thousandth of a second. In the second part of the experiment, the computer displayed the following instructions: "A letter will appear on the screen (B or N). As soon as the letter appears, hit the corresponding key on your keyboard as quickly as possible." After 5 test runs, the computer presented the letter N 10 times and the letter B 10 times, measuring the subject's reaction time to the thousandth of a second. In the third part of the experiment, the computer displayed the following instructions: "Letters will be presented to you one at a time. Each time, you must hit C if it is a consonant and V if it is a vowel." After 5 trial runs, the computer presented at random 10 consonants and 10 vowels, measuring the subject's reaction time to the thousandth of a second.

-1

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Results

Write a short introductory sentence for Charts 1 and 2.
(50 words) [3 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The computer provided the average reaction time for each subject and each experimental condition. These individual results are presented in Chart 1. We then calculated the average reaction time of the five subjects for the simple situation (0.240), for the dual-response situation (0.389) and for the complex situation (0.607).

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Results

Enter the individual results in Chart 1 and choose a title for the chart from among the following:

1. Average results of average reaction times for a single-response situation, a dual-response situation, and a complex-processing situation

2. Subjects' individual results for each of the experimental conditions

3. Experimental results for the subjects of all three groups

4. Individual average reaction times (to the thousandth of a second) for a single-response situation, a dual-response situation, and a complex-processing situation
[2 points]

1. Téléchargez le fichier suivant
2. Lorsque votre document est prêt, joignez à votre devoir le ou les fichiers correspondants.Cliquez sur « Ajouter... » pour les sélectionner.
Feedback: Problème avec le fichier : 350-102-RE-55_Homework1K_Q26_Answer key.doc

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Results

In Chart 2, present the average results achieved by the five subjects and choose a title for the chart from among the following:

1. Average reaction time (to the thousandth of a second) for all subjects, for a single-response situation, a dual-response situation, and a complex-processing situation

2. Average results for the five subjects for each of the experimental conditions

3. Compilation of experimental results for the subjects in the three groups

4. Average reaction time for a single-response situation, a dual-response situation, and a complex-processing situation
[2 points]

1. Téléchargez le fichier suivant
2. Lorsque votre document est prêt, joignez à votre devoir le ou les fichiers correspondants.Cliquez sur « Ajouter... » pour les sélectionner.
Feedback: Problème avec le fichier : 350-102-RE-55_Homework1K_Q27_Answer key.doc

PART THREE: LAB REPORT / 25 POINTS
(questions 18 to 28)

Before you write this lab report, you must do the experiment on information processing in Lesson 1 (see the section called "Experiment for Homework Assignment 1").

Then answer questions 18 to 28. You can use the sample report for the Stroop effect experiment presented in Lesson 1 as a model for the different parts of the report.

Theoretical framework: questions 18 to 21

Methodology: questions 22 to 24

Results: questions 25 to 27

Interpretation of results: question 28

Question

Interpretation of results

State whether the results achieved by your subjects support the hypothesis and explain the results.
(100 words) [5 points]

Entrez votre réponse ci-dessous.
Feedback: The results support the hypothesis because the reaction time is much faster where there is only one possible response and only slightly slower where there are two possible responses. The reaction time is slowest where the situation demands complex processing. Having to process the information increases the response time, and the more complex the information, the slower the reaction time.